The influence of body image and gender in adolescent obesity
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body image, obesity, gender, adolescent
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Body image adalah persepsi penampilan fisik diri sendiri. Mispersepsi berat badan pada remaja dapat menyebabkan rasa ketidakpuasan terhadap tubuh dan obesitas pada remaja. Jenis kelamin juga berperan dalam obesitas remaja dan body image. Remaja yang obes memiliki risiko penyakit tidak menular lebih besar dibandingkan remaja dengan berat badan normal. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh body image dan jenis kelamin pada obesitas di remaja.
Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2019 di SMK Negeri 9 Surakarta. Jumlah subjek dari penelitian ini sebanyak 57 siswa yang dipilih dengan cara two stage sampling. Body image dan obesitas dinilai melalui kuesioner MBSRQ-AS, Grafik IMT berdasarkan usia dan lingkar pinggang. Data yang telah terkumpul diolah dengan independent T-test, fisher exact test, uji regresi logistik dengan nilai signifikansi p <0,05.
Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dalam skor body image antara kelompok obesitas dan non obesitas (p = 0,006) dan rata - rata skor laki-laki lebih tinggi dibandingkan perempuan. Selain itu, laki – laki memiliki skor lebih tinggi dalam setiap aspek body image dibandingkan perempuan. Hubungan signifikan juga ditemukan antara body image dan obesitas (p = 0,045), dan jenis kelamin dengan obesitas (p = 0,009).
Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara citra tubuh dan jenis kelamin dengan obesitas pada remaja dan skor citra tubuh berbeda secara signifikan antara kelompok obesitas dan non obesitas dan antara siswa pria dan wanita.
Kata kunci: body image,obesitas, jenis kelamin, remaja
Abstract
Background: Body image is a perception of our physical appearance. Weight misperception in adolescent lead to body dissatisfaction and obesity in adolescent. Gender also plays a role in adolescent obesity and body image. Obese adolescents have greater risk of non-communicable diseases than adolescents with normal weight. therefore, this research aims to discover body image and gender influence on adolescent obesity.
Method: This study is an observational design with cross sectional approach. The study was conducted in November 2019 at SMK Negeri 9 Surakarta. The subjects were 57 sophomore that were chosen randomly with simple random sampling. Body image and obesity were measured using MBSRQ-AS questionnaire, BMI for Age Charts and waist circumference. Data was processed by independent T-test, fisher exact test, logistic regression test with significance value p <0.05.
Results : There is a significant difference in body image scores between obese and non obese group (p = 0.006) and male students scored higher in every aspect of body image than female students. A significant relationship was found between body image and obesity (p=0,045), and gender with obesity (p = 0.009).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between body image and gender with obesity in adolescents and body image scores differ significantly between obese and non obese group and between male and female students.
Keywords: body image, obesity, gender, adolescents
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