Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition and Determination of Quality Parameters Polyherbal and Combination Extracts from Moringa oleifera Lam., Phyllanthus niruri L., and Nigella sativa L.
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by degeneration and death of neurons. Cholinesterase inhibitor medicine, especially acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChE) are commonly used to manage AD. Huperzine A is a food supplement with AChE inhibition activity which has been approved for the treatment of AD in China. Therefore, further exploration on medicinal plants traditionally utilized in Indonesia is needed. This research aims to evaluate the potency and safety of several medicinal plants for future utilization to manage AD.
Methods: The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was tested using Ellman method. The phytochemical screening of polyherbal, Moringa oleifera Lam., Phyllanthus niruri L., and Nigella sativa L extracts was carried out according to Materia Medika Indonesia. Determination of quality parameters used methods from Parameter Standar Umum Ekstrak Tanaman Obat.
Results: Active compounds have been successfully extracted. Each extract was subjected to different assays and shows that the polyherbal product has a low AChE inhibitory potential. Meanwhile, combination extracts formulated in this study have better AChE inhibitory potential.
Conclusion: The combined extract formulated in this study shows a potential to be applied as an AChE inhibitor. It may be utilized as a safe alternative treatment for people with AD.
Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Penyakit Alzheimer (AD) merupakan gangguan neurodegeneratif yang ditandai dengan degenerasi dan kematian neuron. Obat penghambat kolinesterase, terutama penghambat asetilkolinesterase (AChE) biasanya digunakan untuk mengelola AD. Huperzine A adalah suplemen makanan dengan kemampuan menghambat AChE dan telah disetujui untuk pengobatan AD di Cina.. Oleh karena itu eksplorasi lebih jauh terhadap tanaman obat tradisional di Indonesia perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi dan keamanan beberapa tanaman obat agar dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan AD.
Metode: Uji aktivitas penghambatan asetilkolinesterase dilakukan menggunakan metode Ellman. Penapisan fitokimia ekstrak poliherbal, Moringa oleifera Lam., Phyllanthus niruri L., dan Nigella sativa L dilakukan berdasarkan metode dari Materia Medika Indonesia. Parameter mutu ditentukan berdasarkan Parameter Standar Umum Ekstrak Tanaman Obat.
Hasil: Senyawa aktif telah berhasil diekstraksi dari Moringa oleifera Lam., Phyllanthus niruri L., Nigella sativa L., dan poliherbal. Masing-masing ekstrak telah melalui beberapa pengujian dan hasil menunjukkan bahwa produk poliherbal memiliki potensi penghambatan AChE yang rendah. Sementara, kombinasi ekstrak yang diformulasikan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan potensi penghambatan AChE yang lebih baik.
Kesimpulan: Kombinasi ekkstrak yang diformulasikan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan potensi untuk diaplikasikan sebagai penghambat AChE. Ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengobatan yang aman untuk penderita AD.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Sabrina Krisna Whardhani, Syamsudin Abdillah, Ratna Djamil
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